Tib neeg tsis pw tsaug zog - raws li ib txoj kev tswj lub siab

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Vim li cas peb thiaj tsis tsaug zog thiab yuav ua li cas txog nws. Cov ntaub ntawv kom tsaug zog yog 11 hnub. Tus txiv neej uas tso nws mus dhau ntawm kev hnov lus thiab pom kev pom, xav tias nws yog tus neeg ncaws pob dub, thiab tsis meej pem txoj kev qhia nrog tib neeg.

Kev sim ntawm lub xyoo pua ua ntej kawg ntawm cov menyuam dev tau pom tias lawv tuaj yeem nyob tsis tsaug zog tsis pub dhau 5 hnub - ob peb zaug tsawg dua yam tsis muaj zaub mov. Kev pw tsaug zog tsis txaus ua rau peb muaj peev xwm xav txog kev xav thiab cuam tshuam rau peb txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau tus neeg txhob txwm tso lawv tus kheej los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hmo ntuj. Lub ntiaj teb no muaj "kev pw tsaug zog tsis txaus" tshwm sim.

Cia peb tham txog vim li cas peb tsis tsaug zog thiab yuav ua li cas peb raug hem los ntawm kev xav kom tau nyiaj ntau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tas li.

Cov ntaub ntawv

Xyoo 1963, cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab hauv San Diego, California, tau txiav txim siab seb tus neeg tuaj yeem mus ntev npaum li cas yam tsis tau pw. Cov ntawv xeem yog 17-xyoo-laus Randy Gardner. Ob tug phooj ywg hauv chav kawm paub tseeb tias nws tsis tsaug zog, thiab sau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Gardner tus mob, thiab Lieutenant Commander John Ross yog lub luag haujlwm rau tus menyuam kawm ntawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

Thawj hnub ntawm kev sim, Randy tau sawv ntawm rau thaum sawv ntxov, tag nrho ntawm kev txaus siab. Hnub ob, nws ob lub qhov muag poob lub peev xwm ua kom pom tseeb, nws tsis tuaj yeem saib TV. Hnub thib peb, Randy ntshai thiab ntxhov siab thiab tsis tuaj yeem hais tus nplaig twisters. Tom qab plaub hnub tsis tsaug zog, nws pib hnov qab tias nws yog ib tug neeg ncaws pob dub los ntawm San Diego Chargers, Paul Lowe. Nws tsis meej pem txoj kev qhia nrog tib neeg. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Randy Gardner siv sijhawm 11 hnub thiab 25 feeb yam tsis tau pw tsaug zog.

Tom qab Gardner, muaj lwm tus neeg uas sim ua txhaum cov ntaub ntawv no. Tony Wright kuj hla 11-hnub kab hauv 2007. Txhua lub sijhawm nws nyob hauv tib chav thiab tawm tsam nrog kev pw tsaug zog, zaum ntawm Net thiab ua si billiards. Tab sis cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Phau Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv tau hais tias lawv yuav tsis tso npe rau kev sim ua txhaum Gardner cov ntaub ntawv vim tias muaj kev hem thawj rau kev noj qab haus huv.

Cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm somnology yog Lavxias teb sab biologist thiab tus kws kho mob Maria Manaseina. Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, cov menyuam dev tau raug tsim txom ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Nws tsis pub pab pawg tswj hwm ntawm cov menyuam dev, thiab tsis pub cov pab pawg tseem ceeb pw. Tom qab plaub mus rau tsib hnub, cov menyuam dev tuag tsis tsaug zog. Cov menyuam dev tshaib plab tuag tom qab 20-25 hnub.

Ib qho kev kuaj mob tau pom tias lub hlwb puas lawm ntau npaum li cas tsis tsaug zog. Nws tau riddled nrog ntau hemorrhages. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim tau suav nrog hauv Manaseina txoj haujlwm "Pw tsaug zog li ib feem peb ntawm tus neeg lub neej, lossis lub cev nqaij daim tawv, kab mob, kev nyiam huv thiab kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm kev pw tsaug zog" hauv xyoo 1888, yog ib qho ntawm thawj phau ntawv ntawm lub ntsiab lus hauv ntiaj teb no, txhais ua ntau lwm yam. yam lus.

Qhov tshwm sim

Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev pw tsaug zog ua rau tib neeg nce kev tsim cov tshuaj hormone cortisol. Nws yog lub cev lub cev teb rau kev ntxhov siab, qaug zog, tshaib plab, thiab lwm yam xwm txheej ceev. Vim yog cortisol, peb lub cev yuav pib zom cov proteins rau hauv cov amino acids - suav nrog cov proteins uas ua rau peb cov leeg. Glycogen tau tawg mus rau cov piam thaj, thiab qhov no, nrog rau cov amino acids, tso tawm rau hauv cov hlab ntsha los muab peb lub tsev thaiv rau kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev. Ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov lus teb lom neeg no yog kev rog rog. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 2005 pom tias kev pw tsaug zog cuam tshuam rau tib neeg lub peev xwm los metabolize qabzib thiab thaum kawg ua rau ntshav qab zib.

Yog tsis muaj kev pw tsaug zog, peb hnov mob hauv cov leeg, peb poob siab, uas peb tus kheej tsis pom, peb muaj mob taub hau, chim siab, nco tsis tau. Hallucinations, indigestion thiab xeev siab pib.

Nyob rau xyoo 1930, NKVD tau pw tsaug zog raws li kev tsim txom, tam sim no txoj kev no yog "ua haujlwm" nrog US Army thiab CIA. Cov neeg raug tsim txom nrog lub suab nrov nrov thiab tsis tsaug zog, piv txwv li, hauv tsev loj cuj Guantanamo. Xyoo 2015, California's Pelican Bay qhov kev ruaj ntseg siab tshaj plaws hauv tsev loj cuj tau pib tsa cov neeg raug kaw txhua 30 feeb nrog lub suab nrov, hu nws "kev kuaj mob."

Tab sis ntawm no tib neeg raug tsim txom. Thiab peb coob leej tsis tsaug zog vim peb lub siab xav. Los yog nws tsis paub tag nrho?

Kev txheeb cais

Matthew Walker, tus thawj coj ntawm Center for the Science of Human Pw tsaug zog ntawm University of California, Berkeley, ntseeg tias peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog kev sib kis ntawm kev pw tsaug zog. Thaum peb saib tus me nyuam tsaug zog, peb tsis muaj qhov xav tias "qhov no yog ib tug me nyuam tub tub nkeeg." Qhov txawv yog qhov tseeb rau cov neeg laus. Cov neeg khav theeb tias lawv tsis tsaug zog. Cov lus zoo li "Kuv ua haujlwm hnyav heev uas kuv tau tsaug zog tsuas yog ob teev xwb" peb hais nrog kev khav theeb.

Raws li kev tshawb fawb xyoo 1942, 3% ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas tau pw tsawg dua tsib teev hauv ib hnub, 8% tau pw ntawm tsib mus rau rau teev. 45% basked hauv txaj rau yim teev ib hnub twg. Hauv xyoo 2013, cov lej no tau hloov pauv ntau - twb tau 14% tau pw tsawg dua tsib teev, 26% - txog rau 6 teev, thiab tsuas yog 29% tso cai rau lawv tus kheej yim teev pw tsaug zog. Interestingly, nyob rau hauv 1952 thiab 2013, muaj ib tug sib npaug feem pua ntawm cov neeg tsaug zog xya teev ib hnub twg.

Lwm qhov nthuav dav uas American Institute of Public Opinion Gallup tau txheeb xyuas yog tias tsawg tus neeg ntseeg tias lawv tau pw txaus. Ntau thiab ntau tus neeg muaj kev ntseeg siab tias lawv yuav zoo dua yog tias lawv tuaj yeem pw txaus. Ntxiv mus, 86% ntawm cov neeg teb tias lawv pw txaus siv tsawg kawg yim teev ib hnub twg pw tsaug zog.

Muaj pes tsawg tus neeg pw hauv Russia? Lub tuam txhab Sleep Cycle hauv 2015 pom tias qhov nruab nrab Lavxias pw tsaug zog 6 teev 45 feeb. Txoj kev tshawb no yog ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv pw tsaug zog hauv smartphone app siv los ntawm 941,300 tus neeg hauv 50 lub tebchaws thaum lub sijhawm. Thiab xyoo 2017, Australian thiab Asmeskas cov kws tshawb fawb tau txiav txim siab tias peb pw nruab nrab ntawm 9 teev thiab 20 feeb. Lawv tsom mus rau cov haujlwm ntawm kev sib pauv ntaub ntawv hauv lub network, yog li kuv yuav tsis ntseeg qhov kev tshawb fawb no.

Ua rau

Cov laj thawj ntawm kev txo qis hauv lub sijhawm peb siv pw tsaug zog zoo li pom tseeb - nws yog hluav taws xob, ua raws li TV thiab Is Taws Nem. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam nrog kev pw tsaug zog.

Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau kev nkag mus ntawm broadband Internet, kev loj hlob ntawm mobile kev sib txuas lus, txoj kab ntawm kev lom zem thiab kev ua hauj lwm tau dhau los ua thinner thaum peb tham txog cov hauj lwm uas koom nrog kev sib txuas lus nrog cov npoj yaig ntawm xov tooj los yog xa ntawv. Tsis ntev los no, cov tub txib kuj tau nrov, thiab nrog lawv ntau ntau ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev sib tham hauv Slack thiab Telegram tuaj rau peb. Kev ua haujlwm permeates tib neeg lub neej, ua rau lawv tsis muaj sijhawm so.

Yog li ntawd, tib neeg tau dhau los ua tib hom tsiaj hauv ntiaj teb uas txhob txwm ua rau nws tus kheej pw tsaug zog tsis muaj laj thawj. Lawv tsis nco qab, piv txwv li, tias kev pw tsaug zog tsawg dua rau teev hauv ib hnub ua rau tuag ntxov ntxov: qhov no tau ua pov thawj los ntawm kev tshawb fawb uas suav nrog 25 xyoo, 1.3 lab tus tib neeg thiab 100 txhiab tus neeg tuag.

Polyphasic pw tsaug zog

Tam sim no cia peb tham txog yuav ua li cas kom tau pw txaus. Cia peb pib nrog polyphasic pw tsaug zog, uas ib tug neeg pw ob peb zaug ib hnub twg. Muaj ntau ntau txoj kev xaiv rau hom pw tsaug zog no.

Biphasic - 5-7 teev tsaus ntuj, 20 feeb thaum nruab hnub.

Txhua tus neeg - 1, 5-3 teev tsaus ntuj, 3 zaug rau 20 feeb thaum tav su.

Dymaxion - 4 zaug rau 30 feeb txhua 5, 5 teev;

Uberman - 6 zaug rau 20 feeb txhua 3 teev thiab 40 feeb;

Ib qho piv txwv nthuav txog lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg nrog polyphasic pw tsaug zog yog 5 thiab ib nrab lub hlis uas American blogger Steve Pavlina siv nyob rau hauv Uberman hom. Thaum nws "taug kev" mus rau lub ntiaj teb tshiab nrog 30-40 teev ntxiv hauv ib lub lis piam, nws khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws. Twb tau nyob rau hnub peb ntawm kev hloov kho, nws pib npau suav, uas yog, nws lub cev pib nkag mus rau REM pw tsaug zog sai.

Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (thiab xav tsis thoob heev) cov xwm txheej uas tau tshwm sim rau kuv thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm polyphasic pw tsaug zog yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev xaav ntawm lub sijhawm, thaum kuv pw. Tam sim no, tom qab sawv los, kuv xav tias ntau lub sij hawm tau dhau mus tshaj lub moos qhia. Yuav luag txhua zaus kuv sawv, kuv paub tseeb (los ntawm lub cev xav) tias kuv tau pw tsawg kawg yog 1-2 teev. Kuv pw tsaug zog ntau dua li yav tas los. Kuv muaj kev npau suav nplua nuj thiab tiag tiag.

Cov pilots ntawm Hnub Ci Impulse, lub ntiaj teb thawj manned dav hlau uas siv tshwj xeeb rau lub zog ntawm lub hnub thiab muaj peev xwm ya mus tsis tau, los ua tus yuam adherents ntawm polyphasic pw tsaug zog (nrog rau kev kawm zoo ntawm txoj kev, ntawm chav kawm). Bertrand Piccard thiab André Borschberg tau pw ob mus rau peb teev nyob rau ib hnub hauv ob peb lub sijhawm 20 feeb. Thaum npaj rau lub davhlau, lawv tau kawm cov tswv yim kom ua tiav kev pw tsaug zog sai.

Tus neeg taug kev Fyodor Konyukhov, tom qab ncig lub ntiaj teb lub zais pa hauv xyoo 2016, tau hais tias rau 11 hnub nws tau pw hauv ntu ntawm ib thib ob: nws tuav rab diav hauv nws txhais tes, tsaug zog nrog nws thiab sawv thaum nws poob rau. pem teb. Tom qab tsaws, nws tau pw rau 5 teev.

Polyphasic pw tsaug zog yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm xws li mus ncig thoob ntiaj teb hauv lub dav hlau lossis hauv lub zais pa kub muaj cai muaj nyob. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws kho mob ntawm biological sciences, kws tshawb fawb Piotr Woźniak sau tseg tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev sim no zoo ib yam li los ntawm lwm hom kev pw tsaug zog. Adepts ntawm polyphasic pw tsaug zog tig ncaj qha mus rau Wozniak, nws tshawb xyuas lub zog ntawm xws li ib tug atherosclerosis ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lawv cov kab mob, thiab tsis pom ib qho kev pom zoo ntawm cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm txoj kev.

Polyphasic pw tsaug zog yog qhov txaus ntshai vim nws cuam tshuam rau qhov sib npaug ntawm ntau theem ntawm kev pw tsaug zog uas tus neeg xav tau kom rov zoo tag nrho. Tib txoj kev nyab xeeb rau polyphasic pw tsaug zog yog biphasic: thaum ib tug neeg tsaug zog rau 7-8 teev tsaus ntuj, thiab siv sij hawm nyob ntsiag to thaum nruab hnub. Siesta muaj nyob rau hauv Spain, thiab pw tsaug zog tau pom zoo rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool hauv Russia thiab.

Yuav ua li cas kom tsaug zog zoo

Cia peb txuas ntxiv nrog cov lus qhia rau ib txwm, monophasic so xaiv. Cov cosmonauts twb tau qhia lawv cov kev paub dhau los rau tib neeg, uas yog lub luag haujlwm ua haujlwm los saib xyuas cov haujlwm niaj hnub. Txwv tsis pub, lawv, zoo li Valentin Lebedev, tuaj yeem nqa tsib caug daim duab ntawm lub ntiaj teb los ntawm lub qhov rais kaw.

NASA cov kws tshaj lij tau txheeb xyuas ntau lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

Yog tsis muaj hnub ci thiab tsaus ntuj, ib tug neeg poob lub peev xwm los tswj lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog.

Lub cev tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm 24 teev hauv ib hnub.

Ib tug neeg tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov pw tsaug zog zoo.

Lub voj voog pw tsaug zog yog hloov. Ib tug neeg pw tsaug zog zuj zus, thiab vim li ntawd, tom qab ob peb lub lis piam tsis tsaug zog, nws lub xeev tuaj yeem muab piv nrog lub xeev ntawm kev haus dej cawv. Tus neeg pw tsaug zog tsis txaus tsis pom dab tsi txawv txawv. Txhawm rau zam cov teeb meem zoo li no, astronauts tau muab plaub lub tswv yim rau peb:

Ua ib lub sijhawm rau koj tus kheej, txawm tias hnub so. Yog tias koj tsis ua raws li txoj cai, lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog yuav pib poob qab. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm daim duab hauv kev paub txog tus kheej tau tham txog ntawm Geektimes ua ntej.

So ib teev ua ntej pw.

Ua qhov sib piv nruab hnub thiab hmo ntuj sharper.

Cia koj chav pw tsaus, txias, thiab ntsiag to.

Ob peb lub tswv yim ntxiv kev tshawb fawb tau nthuav tawm hauv ib tsab xov xwm ntawm Habrahabr. Rau kev pw tsaug zog zoo, koj yuav tsum ua kom tiav qhov tsaus ntuj thiab qhov kub ntawm 30-32 degrees, yog tias koj pw tsis muaj daim pam, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj lub teeb ci hauv xiav ntawm lub spectrum thiab, ntawm chav kawm, tua TV. Thiab thaum sawv ntxov koj xav tau kev tawm dag zog.

Thov qhia rau hauv cov lus qhia kom tau txais kev pw tsaug zog txaus, tham txog koj txoj kev pw tsaug zog polyphasic, thiab muab koj cov lus qhia.