Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob deb nroog tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia
2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06
Ob tug kws qhia ntawv laus los ntawm Moscow, tus txiv thiab tus poj niam, tau tsim ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav ntiav hauv lub zos Ivanovsky, Borisoglebsk koog tsev kawm ntawv, nruab nrab ntawm Rostov thiab Uglich, uas tau absorbed thiab absorbs tag nrho cov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv ib txhiab xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev kawm ntawv. Cov menyuam yaus hnav khaub ncaws, tsis muaj xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws - kev hlub thiab kev hwm rau txhua tus.
Thiab tam sim no, tom qab ob peb xyoos, nws tau dhau los ua tsis tau rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv no. Cov neeg tsiv mus nyob ntawd nrog tsev neeg, ze rau tsev kawm ntawv, ua tsev, tuaj ua haujlwm, kom lawv cov menyuam mus kawm ntawv no.
Tsev kawm ntawv hnub no
Tau kaum xyoo, peb lub tsev kawm ntawv tau hloov los ntawm "tuag" mus rau hauv ib qho kev cog lus heev thiab ib tug txawm hais tias ib lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev vam meej. "Tuag" yog thaum 57 tus neeg kawm nyob rau ntawd xyoo 1997, thiab (vim nws tsis muaj kev cia siab) pom nws tus kheej nyob rau sab nraud ntawm txhua qhov kev kawm txhim kho kev kawm, txawm nyob hauv cheeb tsam. Nws txoj kev vam meej niaj hnub no tau qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias xyoo 2009, thawj zaug hauv nws 130-xyoo keeb kwm, kev nkag mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv raug ncua, thiab thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 1, 150 cov tub ntxhais kawm zaum ntawm lub rooj, thiab los ntawm kev sib tw tam sim no cov menyuam tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm no. tsis yog tsuas yog mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv nce qib (qhov kev sib tw rau ib qho chaw mus txog 6 tus neeg), tab sis kuj rau lub tsev kawm ntawv nws tus kheej. Lub koob meej kuj tau qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias nyob rau tsib lub xyoos dhau los, txhawm rau kawm hauv tsev kawm, ntau dua 130 tus neeg tau tsiv mus rau lub zos Ivanovskoye thiab nws ib puag ncig nrog lawv cov menyuam, thiab thaj chaw ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm stretches ntawm Izhevsk mus rau Vinnitsa..
Dab tsi txhawb nqa cov neeg uas tso lawv lub zes nyob thiab maj mus rau lub zos uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab xa lawv cov menyuam mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv no rau kev kawm? Tus thawj coj thiab tus tsim lub tsev kawm ntawv qauv V. S. Martyshinntseeg hais tias txoj kev vam meej ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob tom qab lub sij hawm pedagogical Lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev loj hlob holistic Kuv”, nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum uas lub Ivanovo pab neeg tau ua hauj lwm rau 15 xyoo.
Raws li txoj cai, lub tsev kawm ntawv yog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv nroog, zoo li txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tsom mus rau kev kawm peb-theem. Qhov tseeb, nws yog thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tau absorbed thiab absorbs tag nrho cov zoo tshaj plaws rau ib txhiab xyoo ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev kawm. Muaj ntau lub tswv yim ntawm Lavxias teb sab pedagogy yog embodied ntawm no nyob rau hauv xyaum. Yog li ntawd, cov npe siv niaj hnub no rau Ivanovskaya ntawm Lechta tsev kawm ntawv kuj muaj ntau yam. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-90s, thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv coj nws thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev ncaj ncees, nws hu ua rural humanitarian tsev kawm ntawv - gymnasium … Thiab qhov no yog qhov ncaj ncees, vim hais tias raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab cov txheej txheem qhia ntawm no, nws txawv me ntsis ntawm ntau lub nroog gymnasiums.
Peb lub tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau hu ua tsev kawm ntawv ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev ncaj ncees kev kawm … Thiab qhov no kuj muaj tseeb. Qhov tseeb tiag, ib lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm qhia hauv lawv txoj haujlwm suav nrog kev kawm ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev coj ncaj ncees ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm. Ntxiv mus, txij li xyoo 1998, lub tsev kawm ntawv tau ntev lawm, raws li qhov project no, kev sim platform ntawm Ministry of Education.
Koj kuj tuaj yeem hnov cov npe xws li tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kos duab, tsev kawm keeb kwm hauv zos, tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev cai. Thiab cov npe no tseem cuam tshuam ntau yam ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab nws cov dej num. Rau lub tsev kawm ntawv Ivanovo, ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev loj hlob yog ib feem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, ntawm no nyob rau hauv tag nrho 11 chav kawm suab paj nruag, choreography, painting yog qhia, muaj 10 suab paj nruag thiab hu nkauj studios thiab lub voj voog, ib tug kos duab studio, thiab av nplaum cov khoom ua si. Tsis muaj kev saib xyuas tsawg dua hauv tsev kawm ntawv rau keeb kwm hauv zos: txij li qib thib ob mus rau qib kaum, cov kev tshawb fawb ib txwm raug qhia, dhau kaum xyoo dhau los cov menyuam yaus tau sau ntau dua 60 cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm hauv zos, lawv tau hais hauv ntau lub rooj sib tham. Tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog permeated nrog Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai: kab lis kev cai, pedagogical, pej xeem … Nyob rau hauv no hwm, nws yuav hu ua thiab tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem … Ntawm no peb muaj ntau yam nrog Lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Sergei Alexandrovich Rachinsky thiab yog vim li cas peb lub tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau hu ua lub niaj hnub version ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm no naas ej xib fwb.
Feem ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv Ivanovo hu ua tsev kawm ntawv cadet … Tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ib feem muaj tseeb, txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tshaj li tsib xyoos dhau los, lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog cov tub rog tub rog thiab chav kawm ntawm cov viv ncaus ntawm txoj kev hlub tshua, uas muaj txog li 40 tus tub ntxhais kawm kawm, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ib feem peb ntawm. txhua tus menyuam kawm ntawv.
Nws tuaj yeem hu ua peb lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo Tsev kawm ntawv puv hnub vim nws lub qhov rooj qhib thaum sawv ntxov mus txog hmo ntuj. Thiab lub npe tseem tsim nyog Tsev kawm ntawv puv xyoo … Tom qab tag nrho, lub tsev kawm ntawv qhib thaum hnub so, suav nrog lub caij ntuj sov. Thiab lwm cov npe yuav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv, piv txwv li tsev kawm ntawv complex, vim nws suav nrog tsev kawm ntawv, qib kindergarten, tsev kawm ntawv nce qib. Nws feem ntau hu ua xovxwm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev pab nyiaj txiag, ib lub chaw socio-cultural, lub zos-tsim lub zos, tsev kawm ntawv-tsev cia puav pheej, tsev kawm ntawv-tsev neeg …
Tab sis txawm peb hu peb lub tsev kawm ntawv li cas, tsis muaj ib lub npe teev saum toj no qhia txog nws txoj haujlwm tag nrho. Hauv peb lub tswv yim, lub npe ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txog lub tswv yim ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tsev kawm ntawv niam txiv, rau lub tswv yim ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv yog txoj cai ntawm leej txiv txoj cai: Leej Txiv Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej, Ntiaj Teb Leej Txiv thiab Leej Txiv Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej. Lub koom haum thiab theoretical cov ntsiab lus, cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev kawm thiab cov txheej txheem kev kawm yog feem ntau raug qhia hauv lub npe INTEGRAL DEVELOPMENT SCHOOL.
Tsev kawm ntawv txoj cai
1. Nws nkag siab tias nws kawm nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm ib txwm muaj txiaj ntsig, yog li ntawd nws sim ua lub neej zoo, coj ncaj ncees, nyob ze rau kev ntseeg ntawm nws cov poj koob yawm txwv, qhia thiab saib xyuas nws tus kheej thiab lub meej mom.
2. Paub thiab nco ntsoov tias cov qauv thiab cov kev cai ntawm kev coj cwj pwm raws li kev coj noj coj ua tseem ceeb rau ib tug neeg kom ua raws li cov cai tib yam hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab sab nraum phab ntsa.
3. Siv zog kom tau txais kev paub zoo tshaj plaws los ua ib tus neeg muaj kev txawj ntse thiab ua haujlwm rau nws Leej Txiv.
4. Ua kom muaj koob meej ntawm tsev kawm ntawv thiab chav kawm raws li nws tus kheej.
5. Nws saib nws txoj kev kawm yog nws lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, yog li ntawd nws yeej ib txwm npaj rau zaj lus qhia, hais lus hwm nrog cov xib hwb, mloog lawv mloog thaum kawm.
6. Yuav tsum mob siab kawm, tsis txhob lig rau cov chav kawm thiab tsis txhob nco lawv yam tsis muaj laj thawj zoo.
7. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov niam txiv, cov kws qhia ntawv, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm ntawv, cov txwj laus.
8. Mus rau tsev kawm ntawv hnav khaub ncaws hnav, tsis muaj hniav nyiaj hniav kub, huv si, combed thiab huv si, hloov cov khau ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv; nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws ncaws pob, nws tsuas yog koom nrog hauv kev qhia lub cev thiab kev cob qhia.
9. Tsis txhob nqa txhua yam khoom siv lub suab lossis video uas muaj lub mloog pob ntseg, xov tooj cua lossis hluav taws xob ua si rau tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab nyob rau hauv nws ib ncig, nws tsis siv lub xov tooj ntawm tes.
10. Nws saib xyuas tej tsev kawm ntawv raws li nws tus kheej, saib xyuas, thiab yog tias muaj tej yam puas lawm, nws yuav tsum kho lossis hloov.
11. Ua tus coj ncaj ncees thiab ua siab mos siab muag, ua piv txwv rau cov hluas thiab txhua tus neeg nyob ib puag ncig, tsis yog hauv tsev kawm ntawv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj nyob sab nraum phab ntsa; tsis txhob siv cov lus hais tsis zoo thiab tsim txom.
12. Nco ntsoov tias TV, khoos phis tawj ua si, ntawv xov xwm tsis ncaj ncees, haus luam yeeb, haus cawv, yeeb tshuaj ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau sab ntsuj plig thiab lub cev ntawm ib tug neeg, yog li ntawd, tsis tuaj yeem lees txais hauv lub neej ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv.
13. Nkag siab tias kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tub thiab ntxhais hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab sab nraum lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum nruj, hwm, txo hwj chim, coj dawb huv thiab zoo nkauj.
Pom zoo:
Kev rau txim nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub sij hawm tsarist, yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm ntawv
Kev rau txim yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kawm thiab kev cob qhia hauv Russia. "Domostroy", tsim nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm Tsar Ivan qhov txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, txawm muaj xws li cov khoom cais: "Yuav ua li cas tsa koj cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv kev ntshai ntawm Vajtswv" thiab "Yuav ua li cas qhia cov me nyuam thiab cawm lawv los ntawm kev ntshai"
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Leej twg hla qhov pib ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb no yuav hloov pauv lawv tus cwj pwm mus rau kev kawm, cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov phooj ywg hauv chav kawm, vim tias tsis yog cov chav kawm ib txwm muaj cov rooj thiab lub rooj ua haujlwm dub, muaj chav ua si thiab cov chaw ua si, thiab tsis yog cov kws qhia, muaj cov kws qhia uas koom nrog. cov menyuam yaus ua si, sib tham txog cov ncauj lus uas lawv nyiam
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