Cov txheej txheem:

Soviet zaub mov ceev: vending machines, cheburek, pyshechny
Soviet zaub mov ceev: vending machines, cheburek, pyshechny

Video: Soviet zaub mov ceev: vending machines, cheburek, pyshechny

Video: Soviet zaub mov ceev: vending machines, cheburek, pyshechny
Video: Saib Mis paub Poj niam (hluas nkauj) tus yam ntxwv lub siab 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Txij li thaum nruab nrab xyoo 1920, tsoomfwv Soviet tau sim ua kom paub txog Asmeskas kev npau suav hauv kev npaj kev lag luam, uas tau ua rau cov zaub mov qab qab, ua noj sai.

Tsov rog ntawm Primus thiab Gourmet

Kev pub zaub mov rau cov pej xeem hauv lub tebchaws yog ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tsis tseem ceeb thiab ua haujlwm ceev uas tau ntsib cov thawj coj hauv Soviet tsis ntev tom qab tsim lub zog Bolsheviks. Rau lub koom haum ntawm pej xeem catering system, tsev noj mov, chav ua noj factories, cafes thiab khw noj mov tau qhib. Cov zaub mov tsis tas yuav tsum tau qab, tab sis noj qab haus huv thiab noj qab nyob zoo, uas yog, ua tau raws li cov qauv huv, yeej.

Cov zaub mov tau saib tsis zoo siab, tab sis raws li ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tsim ua haujlwm, ua ke ntawm cov rog, proteins thiab carbohydrates. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no, uas yog to taub thaum lub xyoo ntawm Tsov Rog Communism, tau txais kev txhawb nqa txawm tias lub sijhawm ntawd thaum lub sijhawm ua noj ua haus tau tsim thiab cov pejxeem tsis tshaib plab.

Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj khoom noj txom ncauj sai
Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj khoom noj txom ncauj sai

Hauv xyoo 1920, lub npe hu ua Primus War tau tshaj tawm. Gourmet cuisine tau suav hais tias yog bourgeois relic. Yuri Olesha piav txog cov txheej txheem no hauv nws qhov tshiab "Envy" raws li hauv qab no: "Kev ua tsov ua rog tau tshaj tawm ntawm chav ua noj. Ib txhiab chav ua noj tuaj yeem suav tias tau kov yeej. Nws yuav muab tso tseg rau shrubbery, yim, fwj. Nws yuav sib sau ua ke tag nrho cov nqaij grinders, primus, lauj kaub, kais … Yog hais tias koj xav tau, nws yuav yog lub industrialization ntawm chav ua noj. Nws tau teeb tsa ntau txoj haujlwm. Cov zaub peelers ua nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas Soviet tau zoo heev. Ib tug engineer German tab tom tsim chav ua noj …"

Kev paub txog Asmeskas hauv Soviet cuisine

Catering nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm lub Soviets yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm Western qauv: nyob rau hauv lub 1920s, lub taub hau ntawm Narpit, lub koom haum lub luag hauj lwm rau muab cov pej xeem Soviet nrog zaub mov zoo, mus xyuas Great Britain thiab lub tebchaws United States. Ntau lub tswv yim uas nws pom nyob rau sab hnub poob tau raug coj los siv hauv USSR. Hauv particular, chav ua noj factories thiab canteens.

Cov txheej txheem catering suav nrog ntau theem: tsev noj mov, cafes, khw noj mov thiab chaw noj mov ceev. Lub tom kawg tau hloov pauv cov tub lag luam, uas hu rau cov neeg nyiam ntawm bagels, pies thiab lwm yam khoom noj uas tsis zoo hauv lub qhov ncauj, uas yog ib qho yooj yim noj ntawm kev mus thiab uas yog ib qho me me, nrog lawv qw.

Dumplings
Dumplings

Xyoo 1934, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj Khoom Noj tau tsim. Anastas Mikoyan, uas yog tus thawj coj, kuj tau mus kawm los ntawm kev paub nyob rau sab hnub poob - hauv Asmeskas. Txij thaum ntawd los, cov tub ceev xwm Soviet tsis tau tso tseg lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua kom American npau suav ua tiav raws li kev npaj kev lag luam.

Mikoyan xav muab cov khoom noj uas tsis muaj qab hau, tsim qauv thiab tsim khoom noj nrog cov saj qab ntxiag. Lub hamburger tau ua tus qauv rau Anastas Ivanovich. Nws kib lub cutlet rau ntawm lub tawb nqa khoom, muab tso rau nruab nrab ntawm ob lub ncuav - ib qho kev npaj ua kom zoo rau cov neeg ua haujlwm txaus siab rau huab cua zoo nkauj hauv lub tiaj ua si ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev ua si. Qhov no idyll tau pom ib feem - pheej yig cutlets tshwm nyob rau hauv cookery. Tab sis cov buns, zoo li cov neeg Asmeskas, tsis mus.

Daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm Soviet hamburgers
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm Soviet hamburgers

Mikoyan tau coj lub tswv yim ntawm kev pabcuam tus kheej lub tsev noj mov thiab ntau yam dej qab zib. Hloov chaw ntawm Coca-Cola, lub Soviet Union tau pib tsim ntau ntawm kvass thiab txiv qaub.

Ib tug tseem los ntawm zaj duab xis "Kev khiav hauj lwm Y thiab lwm yam Adventures ntawm Shurik."
Ib tug tseem los ntawm zaj duab xis "Kev khiav hauj lwm Y thiab lwm yam Adventures ntawm Shurik."

Kev ua tsov ua rog thiab lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog tau thawb cov khoom noj rov qab 20 xyoo dhau los - lub kaw lus yuav tsum tau rov tsim dua. Nrog rau lub zog los ntawm Nikita Khrushchev, ntxiv rau kev nom kev tswv, kuj muaj zaub mov "de-Stalinization". Cov qauv tsim ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tau hloov pauv. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lub socialist zej zog, muaj yeeb yuj illustrated los ntawm Phau Ntawv ntawm Delicious thiab noj qab haus huv, yog ib yam ntawm yav dhau los. Qhov no yog vim tsis tsuas yog lub tswv yim, tab sis kuj rau cov khoom tsis txaus: ntau cov khoom ploj los ntawm kev muag dawb, thiab cov nqi nqaij, mis nyuj, qe thiab qab zib tau nce siab los ntawm 1962. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, sausages, dumplings, pancakes, pies, donuts, kebabs, cheburek khw nojmov. Cov koom pheej muaj lawv tus kheej hom tsev: teahouse, samsakan, lagmankan.

Xyoo 1959, Nikita Sergeevich tau mus xyuas Tebchaws Meskas. Khrushchev tus tub Sergei nco qab txog qhov kev xav ntawm thawj tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Pawg Sab Laj ntawm Lub Tebchaws Soviet tom qab mus xyuas IBM lub tsev noj mov: "Txiv tau xav tsis thoob los ntawm lub tsev noj mov. Xyoo 1959, kev pabcuam tus kheej tseem tsis tau xav txog hauv peb lub tebchaws. Kuv txiv qhuas lub txee uas lub tais txav mus, cov phaj thiab cov tais diav muab tso rau txhua tus pom. Nws raug ntaus los ntawm ci ntsa iab yas ntawm cov ntxhuav. Cov ntaub pua rooj uas qias neeg nyob mus ib txhis yog qhov tsis tsim nyog."

Thaum lub sij hawm mus ntsib cov nqaij ua cov nroj tsuag, Khrushchev saj ib tug kub dev. Qhov no unpretentious pluas mov tsis tawm Nikita Sergeevich indifferent, thiab nws hais kom muaj xws li kub dev nyob rau hauv lub Soviet zaub mov. Qhov no yog li cas cov hnyuv ntxwm tshwm nyob rau hauv lub khob noom cookie nyob rau hauv lub USSR.

Khrushchev noj mov rau ib tug kub dev
Khrushchev noj mov rau ib tug kub dev

Chebureks thiab dawb, donuts thiab donuts

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo Soviet, pasties tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom noj ceev, txawm tias thaum xub thawj lawv tsis yog. Thaj, thawj zaug nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom noj ceev, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1957 nyob rau hauv Moscow, thaum lub cheburek Druzhba qhib rau Sukharevskaya Square. Zoo li lub renaming ntawm lub tsev so Ukraine (nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm 300 xyoo ntawm kev phooj ywg ntawm Russia thiab Ukraine), lub tsev noj mov no yog ib tug tribute rau cov kab lis kev cai ntawm lub Crimean Tatars. Cheburets pib tshwm sim hauv cov nroog loj thiab me hauv lub tebchaws. GOST tau qhia tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm mov paj thiab minced nqaij, tab sis kuj rau lawv kom muaj nuj nqis ib cheburek.

Belyash - ib lub tais uas tseem muaj zog heev - tsis muaj hmoo: es tsis txhob siv cov tsoos ci, nws tau kib. "Belyashnykh" yeej tsis tshwm sim, uas yog vim li cas lub appetizer tau muag nyob rau hauv cookery thiab cafeterias yuav luag ib txwm txias.

Cook, 1930s
Cook, 1930s

Raws li rau donuts, lawv tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Russia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th (nyob rau hauv phau ntawv txhais lus piav qhia ntawm Ushakov) - mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 1930, donuts feem ntau noj. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv Anton Chekhov lub "Steppe" heroes noj crumpets: "Hais lus zoo rau tsev neeg, lawv [tus tub lag luam Kuzmichov thiab cov pov thawj Christopher] nyuam qhuav tau noj ib tug hearty zaub mov ntawm crumpets nrog qaub cream thiab, txawm tias thaum sawv ntxov, lawv haus …"

Ob qho tib si donuts thiab crumpets yog khob noom cookie khoom kib hauv roj. Thawj, ib txwm muaj, muaj qab zib sau, qhov thib ob tsis muaj qhov txhaws, tab sis tuaj yeem muaj lub qhov nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab cov hmoov qab zib. Nyob rau hauv 1939 "Lub Phau Ntawv Delicious thiab noj qab haus huv", lub qhov tau txais ib tug donut, txawm hais tias nws yuav tsum tau ib tug donut. Ntawm cov khw noj mov muaj ob qho tib si donut thiab gingerbread. Qhov txawv ntawm lub npe tau piav qhia tsis yog los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, tab sis los ntawm qhov chaw: donuts - nyob rau hauv Moscow, puffy sawv daws yuav - nyob rau hauv St.

Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet cafeteria
Nyob rau hauv lub Soviet cafeteria

Ib txhia nyiam nws kub

Ntxiv rau cov cav tov nrog dej qab zib, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm saj cov dej qab zib fizzy rau ib lub nyiaj los yog ob, kuj tseem muaj chav nyob nrog npias, lub npe menyuam yaus pib haus dej.

Soda tshuab
Soda tshuab
Ib tug qhua rau pub
Ib tug qhua rau pub

Hauv kev npaj rau xyoo 1980 Olympics, ntau lub cafes ua qauv tshwm sim. Muaj tseeb tiag, kev ua noj ua haus ntawm lawv tus kheej lub teb chaws tseem tsis tau nkag mus rau cov pej xeem Soviet. Lub tsev npias tseem nyob rau proletariat thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm hlwb. Cov neeg ua lag luam diluted npias, thiab ntxiv me ntsis ntxuav hmoov kom thicken lub npuas. Cov neeg yuav khoom flavored lub swill nrog vodka - Ruff cocktail tau txais. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tsis muaj cov rooj zaum hauv pubs - lawv yuav tsum haus dej thaum sawv ntawm lub rooj siab - cov qhua tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ob peb teev nyob ntawd.

Queue rau thawj McDonald's hauv USSR
Queue rau thawj McDonald's hauv USSR

Mikoyan txoj kev npau suav ntawm hamburgers tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Ib Hlis 31, 1990 - lub teb chaws thawj McDonald's qhib hauv Moscow.

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