Ob zaug ntau lub tso tsheb hlau luam tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Senno dua li ntawm Prokhorovka

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Kwv yees li 15 xyoo dhau los, ua ib tus neeg sau xov xwm rau cov ntawv xov xwm Republican, kuv yuav tsum tau mus rau lub nroog ntau zaus, qee zaum hauv lub tsheb tseem ceeb, uas tau txuas nrog ntau tus neeg sau xov xwm ib zaug, uas siv nws tig. Ntawm txoj kev mus rau Minsk, tus neeg tsav tsheb feem ntau tig mus rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb ze ntawm Khatyn memorial complex, thiab peb tau noj khoom txom ncauj sai ntawm lub tsev noj mov ntawm txoj kev. Kuj tseem muaj lub tsev noj mov loj, uas, zoo li, hu ua Partizansky Bor, tab sis peb tsis mus rau qhov ntawd: nws tau npaj rau cov qhua thiab cov neeg muaj nyiaj muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab kim. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws zoo li kuv yog ib tug neeg dawb huv noj delicacies nyob ze lub zos uas raug hlawv ua ke nrog cov neeg nyob.

Thaum ib qho ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb no, kuv tau hla mus rau hauv ib pab pawg neeg ncig xyuas imperceptibly mloog cov lus qhia nrog lawv. Ntxiv mus, lub sij hawm no nws tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej "Khatyn thiab lub Mound of Glory" Anatoly Bely, uas kuv paub los ntawm Minsk thaum nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, qhov twg kuv cov phooj ywg nyob rau hauv philology kuj ua hauj lwm, Tom qab ntawd tus neeg sib tw ntawm keeb kwm sciences Tatiana Grosheva.

Tom qab kev mus ncig ua si, A. Bely thiab kuv tau tawm mus thiab pib tham. Thiab kuv tau hais rau nws tias kuv tsis ntev los no tau kawm los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm hauv nruab nrab Lavxias hais tias lub zos Khatyn tau raug hlawv, qhov tseeb, tsis yog los ntawm Germans, tab sis los ntawm tub ceev xwm, cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm Ukraine.

"Kuv tau paub txog qhov no tau ntev lawm," tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau pom zoo, "tab sis kuv yuav tsum rov qab ua cov ntawv tshaj tawm.

Thiab tom qab ntawd, tej zaum tau hnov qhov kev sib tham yog hais txog, ib tug ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, ib tug txiv neej laus, nyias nyias nrog cov cim ntawm daim tawv nqaij kub hnyiab ntawm nws lub ntsej muag thiab ob txhais tes, cuam tshuam hauv kev sib tham.

"Qhov tseeb tag nrho ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog yuav tsis raug qhia," nws nkag mus rau hauv kev sib tham. - Koj puas tau kawm tib neeg, paub qhov twg thiab thaum twg kev sib ntaus sib tua tank loj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm tshwm sim?

Nws puzzled peb cov lus nug no.

- Ntawm Kursk Bulge, - Kuv teb tsis muaj hesitation.

- Nyob ze Prokhorovka, nyob rau hauv lub Belgorod cov kev taw qhia, - qhia meej txog cov ntawv pov thawj historian Anatoly Bely.

"Koj cov neeg mob nyob nrog no Prokhorovka," tus txiv neej laus tawm tsam intricately. Cov tawv nqaij sintered ntawm nws lub hauv pliaj tig dawb, nws mus txog rau hauv nws lub tsho rau luam yeeb, cov khoom plig ntawm nws lub hauv siab clinked, thiab kuv nco ntsoov kos cov kab ntawm "Red Star" thiab "Liab Banner" ntawm nws daim ntawv xaj.

"Qhov no Prokhorovka tau muab rau koj," nws hais ntxiv. - Yog, muaj ntau tshaj yim pua lub tank ntawm ob sab, txawm hais tias lawv dag tias muaj ntau dua ib txhiab. Thiab nyob ze Senno, qhov chaw uas kuv nyob hauv xyoo 1941, ntau tshaj li ob txhiab lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov phom tus kheej tau sib sau ua ke. Tsuas yog peb tau gouged muaj thiab tsav mus rau sab hnub tuaj, yog li ntawd lawv sau txog lub Kursk Bulge thiab Prokhorovka. Thiab txog Senno lawv nyob twj ywm thiab yuav nyob twj ywm.

Kuv muaj ib lub hnab ntim kaw nrog kuv, kuv tig nws thiab sau cov qub tub rog cov lus ntxhov siab. Nws tau hais tias thaum pib ua tsov ua rog, thaum Lub Xya Hli 1941, nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub tank thiab tau mus rau hauv 5th corps ntawm 20th pab tub rog ntawm General Kurochkin hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog German tank tub rog, qhov twg ntawm ob sab muaj tsawg kawg nkaus. 2 txhiab tsheb sib ntaus sib tua … Thiab nws yog thaum Lub Xya Hli 6, 1941, 2 xyoo ua ntej Tsov Rog ntawm Prokhorovka, uas tau piav qhia hauv txhua phau ntawv keeb kwm thiab cov ntawv sau ua tub rog ntawm Soviet cov thawj coj. Tab sis los ntawm qhov qub tankman hais rau kuv daim kab xev kaw, nws ua raws li kev sib ntaus sib tua tank ze Senno yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tsheb tawm tsam. Thiab ib qho ntawm cov coob ntawm cov neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm cov tub rog Soviet.

"Peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam tsis muaj zog dua li cov German hauv txhua qhov," hais tias tus neeg koom nrog hauv Kev Sib Tw ntawm Senno. "Thiab lub cev muaj zog tau qis dua rau cov neeg German hauv lub zog, thiab cov ris tsho hnav tau nyias dua, thiab rab phom hnyav dua. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov Germans twb muaj kev paub txaus. Lawv hlaws rau ntawm peb kom ntseeg siab, tua cov plhaub ntawm kev txav mus los, thiab peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau kub hnyiab zoo li tswm ciab. Kuv lub tsheb raug ntaus kaum feeb tom qab pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, - hais tias tus txiv neej laus. - Tus tsav tsheb tuag tam sim ntawd, thiab kuv raug hlawv, tab sis tswj kom tau tawm ntawm lub tank. Tag nrho peb cov neeg uas muaj sia nyob tom qab ntawd tau nyob ib puag ncig, thiab tom qab lawv tawm ntawm nws, tsuas yog rau lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab kwv yees li nees nkaum tus neeg raug mob nyob hauv peb cov tub rog. Peb thim rov qab qee yam, thawj zaug mus rau Dubrovno, tom qab ntawd mus rau Smolensk, thiab los ntawm qhov ntawd peb raug xa mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas peb cov koom haum tau rov tsim dua.

Rov qab mus rau Vitebsk, kuv tau xa cov ntaub ntawv kaw tseg los ntawm lub kaw lus rau ntawv thiab hnub tom qab, raws li tau cog lus tseg, kuv tau xa cov ntawv mus rau Anatoly Bely los ntawm kev xa ntawv. Tsis ntev kuv tau txais lus teb los ntawm nws.

"Tsuas yog, tus txiv neej laus hais qhov tseeb tiag," tus kws sau keeb kwm. - Kuv pom qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm nws cov lus. Nyob rau hauv 6-ntim "History of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union 1941-1945. (v. 2, 1961, p. 40) tau tshaj tawm tias thaum Lub Xya Hli 6, 1941, cov tub rog ntawm 20th Army, uas tau txib los ntawm Lieutenant General PA Kurochkin, tau pib tawm tsam los ntawm cheeb tsam Orsha tawm tsam cov tub rog ntawm 3rd tank pab pawg (raws li peb faib - pab tub rog) ntawm cov Germans. Lub 7th thiab 5th Panzer Corps, uas muaj txog 1,000 tso tsheb hlau luam, tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam. Cov yeeb ncuab pawg thib 3 tank muaj txog tib lub tsheb. Yog li nws hloov tawm, - sau A. Bely, - hais tias ntawm ob sab txog 2 txhiab tso tsheb hlau luam koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua - ob zaug ntau npaum li ntawm Prokhorovka. Tib phau ntawv hais tias "hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav peb cov tub rog tub rog tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj hnyav rau cov yeeb ncuab thiab muab nws rov qab 30-40 km ntawm Lepel. Tab sis nyob ze Senno cov Germans pov lub 47th Motorized Corps rau hauv kev tawm tsam. " Nws nyob ntawm no, xav tias, - sau Anatoly Bely, - tias kev sib ntaus sib tua uas nws cov neeg koom nrog qhia peb txog hauv Khatyn tau tshwm sim. Thiab, txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tau tshaj tawm txog nws hauv keeb kwm keeb kwm, nws yog qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua loj tshaj plaws ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, thiab yog li ntawd - ob qho tib si Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II thiab tag nrho kev tsov rog ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum. Lwm qhov yog tias nws cov txiaj ntsig tsis txaus ntseeg rau sab Soviet. Raws li tau tshaj tawm hauv tsab ntawv tshaj tawm, "peb cov tub rog tiv thaiv txog 15 qhov kev tawm tsam hauv ib hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau tawg tawm ntawm qhov thaiv thiab thim rov qab."

Ntxiv rau hauv tsab ntawv ntawm A. Bely yog cov hauv qab no: "Soviet cov peev txheej tsis tau tshaj tawm peb qhov kev poob hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, tab sis yog tias peb cov tso tsheb hlau luam tag nrho tuag (thiab tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg txog qhov ntawd), ces peb tuaj yeem hais txog yam tsawg kawg 5. txhiab tuag - tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm. Hauv lwm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, - sau A. Bely, - twb tsis muaj dab tsi txog kev sib ntaus sib tua tank ze Senno. Muaj tseeb tiag, nyob rau hauv 12-ntim "History of the Second World War 1939-1945", luam tawm nyob rau hauv Leonid Brezhnev, nyob rau nplooj 46 ntawm ntim 4, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Senno yog suav hais tias yog ib qho zoo tib yam "kev tawm tsam ntawm peb cov tub rog los ntawm lub zog ntawm cov 5th thiab 7th mechanized corps ntawm 20th pab tub rog ntawm General PA Kurochkin nyob rau hauv lub faib ntawm lub thib 3 tank pab pawg neeg ntawm cov Germans nyob rau hauv lub Lepel kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv lub Senno cheeb tsam. " Tsis yog ib lo lus hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam thiab kev ua phem ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Txhua yam yog veiled nyob rau hauv cov tub rog terminology thiab yog li intricately hais tias nws yog ib qho nyuaj txawm rau ib tug historian to taub."

Tom qab ntawd, 15 xyoo dhau los, tus kws sau keeb kwm Anatoly Bely pom tias nws nyuaj rau kev nkag siab cov lus tsis meej ntawm qhov tseeb. Tab sis los ntawm qhov pom ntawm peb qhov kev paub tam sim no, txhua yam yog qhov tseeb heev. Nws yog ib lub sij hawm sib txawv, txawv ideological cwj pwm. Txhua lo lus hais txog kev ua tsov ua rog raug censored los ntawm Glavpur, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees ntawm USSR Ministry of Defense.

Tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi tuaj yeem hloov pauv hauv cov phau ntawv sifted los ntawm censors. Tab sis nws yog ib qho kev txhaum rau peb, niaj hnub Belarusians, kom hush up lub undoubted qhov tseeb hais tias qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab phem tshaj tank sib ntaus sib tua ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th coj qhov chaw tsis yog nyob qhov twg, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Vitebsk cheeb tsam, nyob ze Senno … dab tsi "Stalin's Lines. ", thiab ua kom txaus siab txog qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus phab ej uas poob ze Senno hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis sib xws nrog Hitler's armored hordes. Nws yog tseeb hais tias Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Belarus nteg paj nyob ze Prokhorovka nyob rau hauv Russia. Tab sis yog vim li cas ho tsis nteg paj nyob ze Senno, qhov twg Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam hlawv zoo li tswm ciab thiab qhov twg yog tseem tsis muaj ib tug me ntsis kos npe rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm qhov txaus ntshai, kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cav thiab tib neeg?

Nws yog lub sij hawm siab los them tribute rau lub feat ntawm tankers, uas tso lawv lub taub hau rau lawv haiv neeg thaj av, rau kev ywj pheej ntawm lawv cov xeeb ntxwv. Kev hwm rau lawv lub cim xeeb yuav tsis yog ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm Belarus rau perpetuating tragic thiab glorious nplooj ntawv ntawm cov keeb kwm ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab lub ntiaj teb no.

Sergey Butkevich