Cov txheej txheem:
Video: Vim li cas Mayan thiab Ancient Suav daim ntawv qhia hnub zoo sib xws?
2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06
Daim ntawv qhia hnub suav thaum ub thiab Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub muaj ntau yam sib xws uas lawv tsis zoo li tau tsim los ntawm ib leeg, hais tias David H. Kelly. David tsab xov xwm ntawm lub ncauj lus no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Pre-Columbiana magazine.
Kelly, tus kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab tus kws tshaj lij, ua haujlwm ntawm University of Calgary hauv Canada. Nws tau txais koob meej nyob rau xyoo 1960 rau nws txoj kev koom tes zoo rau kev sau ntawv Maya. Nws tsab xov xwm "Asian Cheebtsam hauv Invention ntawm Mayan Calendar" tau sau 30 xyoo dhau los, tab sis nws tsuas yog tsis ntev los no uas nws tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv Pre-Columbiana.
Kelly's hypothesis yog dav suav hais tias muaj teeb meem. Nws tau sib cav tias daim ntawv qhia hnub qhia txog kev sib cuag ntawm Eurasia thiab Mesoamerica ntau dua 1,000 xyoo dhau los, uas tsis sib haum xeeb rau txoj kev xav tau zoo tias kev sib cuag tau tshwm sim tsuas yog ob peb puas xyoo dhau los.
Kelly tau txhawb nqa qhov kev xav tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev sib cuag sab nrauv thaum ntxov, qhov kev xav no muaj ntau tus neeg txhawb nqa. Qhov zoo sib xws ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov pov thawj rau thaum ntxov Mayan-Suav kev sib cuag.
Lwm tus kws tshawb fawb uas coincidentally muaj ze li ntawm tib lub npe, David B. Kelly, ib tug linguist ntawm Showa University nyob rau hauv Tokyo, siv ib tug computer program los soj ntsuam qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob daim ntawv qhia hnub systems. Nws hais lus, hu ua "Kev Sib Piv ntawm Suav thiab Mesoamerican Calendars," tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb qhov teeb meem ntawm Pre-Columbiana.
Zoo sib xws
Hauv ob lub lis piam, hnub yog txuam nrog ntau yam (dej, hluav taws, ntiaj teb, thiab lwm yam) thiab tsiaj txhu. Nws yog qhov ua tau tias tib daim ntawv qhia hnub tau raug kho dua los ntawm txhua kab lis kev cai hauv nws txoj kev.
Peb yuav txiav txim siab tsuas yog qee qhov zoo sib xws los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb los ua piv txwv.
Tsiaj
Tib hnub nyob rau hauv ob daim ntawv qhia hnub yog txuam nrog ib tug mos lwj, aub, thiab ib tug liab. Tsiaj txhu ntawm lwm hnub kuj zoo ib yam. Piv txwv li, ib hnub nyob rau hauv Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub yog txuam nrog ib tug jaguar, thiab tib yam nyob rau hauv Suav daim ntawv qhia hnub yog txuam nrog ib tug tsov. Lwm hnub yog txuam nrog cov khej nyob rau hauv Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub, thiab nyob rau hauv Suav nrog tus zaj. Cov koom haum yog qhov tseem ceeb zoo sib xws, txawm hais tias qhov kev tshwm sim tshwj xeeb txawv nyob ntawm cov neeg hauv zos lossis kev paub ntawm cov neeg. Cov tsiaj hauv tsev xws li nees, yaj, nyuj thiab npua tsis tuaj ntawm Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub.
Lwm qhov piv txwv ntawm qhov zoo sib xws ntawm daim ntawv qhia hnub yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm luav thiab lub hli.
"Hnub yim hnub ntawm Aztecs, hnub ntawm Luav, Mayauel, tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm lub hli thiab lub taub hau haus dej pulque, kav," Kelly sau. Cov duab ntawm ib tug luav ntawm lub hli tshwm nyob rau hauv Mesoamerica nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 6th. - Cov duab ntawm ib tug luav nyob rau lub hli npaj ib tug elixir ntawm kev tsis txawj tuag thawj zaug tshwm nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj thaum lub sij hawm Han dynasty, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua BC. los yog ua ntej me ntsis."
Suav system kuj zoo ib yam li Eurasian ib. Hauv Ntiaj Teb Qub, daim ntawv qhia hnub tau sib xyaw. Kelly hais txog Greek, Khab, thiab lwm cov kab ke ua piv txwv li cas daim ntawv qhia hnub nyob rau hauv ntau haiv neeg muaj cov hauv paus hniav zoo sib xws, txawm hais tias lawv txawv ntawm cov duab.
Nws xaus lus tias Suav thiab Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub muaj tib lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab tsis hloov zuj zus ntawm ib leeg. Nws kuj tau qhia tias txawm tias qee lub ntsiab lus ntawm Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub tsis sib haum nrog Suav daim ntawv qhia hnub, lawv ua raws li lwm cov Eurasian systems, uas txhawb txoj kev xav ntawm kev sib cuag thaum ntxov.
Cov ntsiab lus
David B. Kelly tau siv INTERCAL, lub khoos phis tawj tsim los ntawm astronomer Denis Eliott, kom pom qhov sib xws ntawm lub hnub Mayan hnub thiab Suav tsib lub ntsiab lus (hluav taws, dej, ntiaj teb, hlau, thiab ntoo).
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias hnub pib ntawm Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub yog ib qho kev sib cav. Tsis muaj leej twg paub tseeb tias thaum lub sijhawm suav rov pib, feem ntau lees txais tias thaum Lub Yim Hli 11, 3114 BC.
David B. Kelly pib txij hnub no thiab pom cuaj qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob lub tshuab hauv ib qho ntawm 60-hnub lub sijhawm, txhua yam cuam tshuam nrog cov npe hnub thiab tsiaj.
Tom qab ntawd, nws tau hloov hnub pib los ntawm plaub hnub, txog thaum Lub Yim Hli 7, 3114, thiab pom 30 qhov zoo sib xws hauv ib qho ntawm 60-hnub lub sijhawm, suav nrog cov khoom sib xws.
Elliott ceeb toom tias nws qhov kev zov me nyuam yuav dhau los ua qhov tseeb tsawg dua li hnub pib hloov mus rau lub sijhawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, David B. Kelly sau tias, "Txawm tias tsis muaj qhov zoo sib xws, qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm qee lub npe Mesoamerican hnub so thiab Suav Celestial Stems (cov ntsiab lus) thiab Earthly ceg (tsiaj txhu) yog tantalizing, hais qhov tsawg kawg nkaus."
Symbolism
Kelly tau ntsib txoj haujlwm txaus ntshai ntawm kev daws cov pob caus ntawm cov koom haum hloov pauv lub sijhawm. Nws tau muab ob peb yam piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas koom haum uas, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, tsis sib haum mus rau ib leeg, muaj peev xwm muaj ib co kev sib txuas.
Piv txwv li, Pipil Maya daim ntawv teev npe los ntawm Guatemala muaj lub Tortoise nyob rau hauv 19th txoj hauj lwm; cov npe Malay kuj suav nrog Tortoise hauv 19 txoj haujlwm; Lwm cov npe Maya thiab Aztec muaj cua daj cua dub hauv 19 txoj haujlwm; thiab cov Indian - tus dev nyob rau hauv 19th txoj hauj lwm.
Kelly sau hais tias "Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cua daj cua dub, dev thiab vaub kib feem ntau suav hais tias muaj teeb meem," Kelly sau. - Txawm li cas los xij, tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm 19th Aztec hnub yog Chantico, tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm hluav taws uas tau hloov mus ua dev los ntawm lwm tus vajtswv. Lub tswv yim ntawm xob laim dev yog muaj thoob plaws hauv Asia thiab hauv Mexico, qhov no yog ib qho kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ntseeg. Cov duab piv txwv nyob rau hauv Tibetan phau ntawv qhia qhia ib tug xob laim aub zaum ntawm tus vaub kib, uas zoo kawg nkaus muab cov ntsiab lus txuam nrog 19 txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov npe tsiaj. Lub Mayan Madrid Codex kuj piav qhia txog tus dev zaum ntawm tus vaub kib - kev lom zem tsis zoo."
Ob tus kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg cov lus zoo sib xws ntawm cov npe ntawm hnub.
David B. Kelly tau sau tias: “Qhov zoo sib xws yog pom tseeb hauv kev hais lus. Cov lus rau tus lej lej hauv qee cov lus Maya thiab cov lus rau lej lej hauv qee cov lus Suav yuav luag sib hloov. Hauv kuv lub tswv yim, cov ntawv xov xwm uas kuv tau piav qhia yog ua pov thawj ntawm kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg ntawm Eurasia thiab cov neeg ntawm Guatemala thaum ub lossis Mexico."
Nws tau hais tias qhov kev sib cuag no tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov kawg ntawm thawj zaug lossis thaum ntxov thib ob xyoo pua AD.
Pom zoo:
Kws qhia ntawv ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Russia thiab sab hnub poob - kev txuas ntxiv ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm kev vam meej ntawm Aryans thiab Erbins
Kev tshawb pom ntawm Anatoly Klyosov, Tus Kws Kho Mob ntawm Chemistry, xibfwb ntawm Harvard University, txuas ntxiv ua rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg zoo tib yam
Mayan codices, muaj koob muaj npe monuments thiab Mayan daim ntawv qhia hnub
Maya yog ib tsev neeg hais lus ywj pheej uas tam sim no muaj txog 30 yam lus, muab faib ua plaub ceg. Cov ceg ntoo no tau tshwm sim los ntawm cov lus Protomaya, uas tsim nyob rau hauv Guatemalan Highlands nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 1st BC. Tam sim no keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg lus Mayan muaj txog 4 txhiab xyoo
Pom 10 lub ntiaj teb tshiab ntawm lub hnub ci. Maltese daim ntawv qhia hnub - cov ntawv sau tseg
Lub hom phiaj ntawm tsab xov xwm no yog ua kom tiav kev txiav txim siab ntawm ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Siberian daim ntawv qhia hnub - Malta daim ntawv qhia hnub. Deciphering daim ntawv qhia hnub, lub hnub nyoog ntawm tsawg kawg yog 17,000 txhiab xyoo, yuav tso cai tsis tau tsuas yog thaum kawg daws cov teeb meem ntawm ancient daim ntawv qhia hnub, tab sis kuj yuav nrhiav tau 10 ntiaj chaw tshiab
Lavxias teb sab txhais ntawm Catalan daim ntawv qhia thiab daim ntawv qhia Fra Mauro
Kev txhais ua lus Lavxias ntawm Catalan daim ntawv qhia ntawm 1375 thiab ntawm Fra Mauro daim ntawv qhia ntawm 1490
"Carta Marina" Daim Ntawv Qhia Tebchaws Europe los ntawm Olafus Magnus (1539) Keeb Kwm ntawm daim ntawv qhia / Kev txhais lus ntawm tus sau phau ntawv piav qhia rau daim ntawv qhia
Daim ntawv qhia keeb kwm. Kev txhais cov lus piav qhia rau hauv daim ntawv qhia, tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov khoom tawg