Amazing daim ntawv qhia ntawm Russia los ntawm 1614. River RA, Tartary thiab Piebala Horde

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Daim ntawv qhia no yog qhov txaus siab rau cov kws tshawb fawb thiab tsis dhau kev sib cav ntawm cov keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv sab laug ces kaum, peb pom tias daim card belongs rau lub sij hawm ntawm lub reign ntawm Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich. Hnub tim 1614 lees paub tias qhov no yog thawj xyoo ntawm Romanov dynasty, uas tau nce lub zwm txwv hauv 1613.

"Daim ntawv qhia ntawm Russia" los ntawm kev kos duab los ntawm Gessel Gerrits (Amsterdam, 1614), luam tawm los ntawm Vilém Blau nyob rau xyoo 1630 los ntawm tus thawj, raws li cov ntawv sau rau ntawm daim cartouche hais tias, "Fedor, tus tub ntawm Tsar Boris, tau saib xyuas los sau, " nthuav dav mus rau tus dej Dvina thiab Sukhona thiab lwm qhov chaw, kom deb li deb tau ua qhov no raws li daim ntawv qhia thiab xov xwm uas tau nqis los rau peb, thiab tau mob siab rau Gessel Gerard lub Great Sovereign, Tsar thiab Grand Duke ntawm txhua tus. Russians, Mikhail Fedorovich, Autocrat ntawm Vladimir, Moscow thiab Novgorod, Tsar ntawm Kazan, Tsar ntawm Astrakhan, Tsar ntawm Siberia, Sovereign ntawm Pskov, Grand Duke ntawm Smolensk, Tver, Yugorsk, Perm, Vyatka, Bulgarian, thiab lwm yam., Sovereign thiab Grand. Duke ntawm Novgorod-Nizovskaya av, thiab lwm yam, Sovereign ntawm Iver, Kartala thiab Tsar ntawm Georgia. 1614 xya.

Nyob rau hauv sab laug ces kaum, nyob rau hauv lub inset nrog ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm Moscow, Tsar Fyodor Borisovich (1589 - 1605) yog hais - tus tub ntawm Boris Godunov, uas kav los ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 13 txog rau Lub rau hli ntuj 1 nyob rau hauv 1605. Tom qab kev tua ntawm tus huab tais hluas, kev tawm tsam rau lub zwm txwv pib, uas xaus rau xyoo 1613.

Nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1605 thiab 1613, yuav luag ib xyoo caum. Yog hais tias daim npav raug txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm lub reign ntawm Tsar Boris, nws tau txais ciam teb ntawm 1613-14, thiab tau muab txawm tom qab, 15-20 xyoo tom qab.

Nyob rau sab xis ntawm daim ntawv qhia, ciam teb sib cais Muscovy Russia los ntawm lwm lub xeev - Tartaria, uas retreated tshaj lub Urals nyob rau hauv lub onslaught ntawm lub Romanovs, tab sis tsis tso tseg rau lub Romanovs thiab tsis koom nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm - yog kom meej meej. pom. Tib lub nroog ntawm Tartary nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia, Tobolsk, raug xaiv los ua lub peev ntawm Siberia. Tab sis tsis muaj lub xeev ntawm Siberia, muaj Tartary, thiab Tobolsk tau los ua nws lub peev tshiab.

Txoj cai tswjfwm ntawm cov compilers ntawm daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub tshiab huab tais dynasty tsa ib tug luag nyav. Cov nroog Siberian mus qhov twg? Los yog, sib nrug ntawm Tobolsk, lawv tsuas tsis muaj nyob? Thiab dab tsi yog qhov kev quab yuam loj nyob ze Tobolsk - chav tub rog loj "Piebald Horde"?

Saib xyuas lub npe ntawm tus dej Volga: Wolga olim Rha - Volga, yav tas los Ra (lat.). Cia peb xav txog qhov twg lub npe ntawm "Ancient Egyptian" hnub vajtswv los ntawm lub npe ntawm tus dej Lavxias. Cov neeg tsim tawm ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm New Chronology AT Fomenko thiab G. V. Nosovskiy hauv lawv cov phau ntawv muab cov lus qhia rau qhov tshwm sim no. Lawv kuj sau tias cov neeg Ixayees tiag tiag yog thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, txhua yam poob rau hauv qhov chaw: Ixayees - Los ntawm Ra, uas yog, ib tug neeg los yog ib lub teb chaws los ntawm lub Volga dej hav, qhov twg, raws li koj paub, tag nrho cov ancient Lavxias teb sab capitals tau tsim - Yaroslavl, Rostov, Suzdal, thiab lwm yam.

Daim ntawv qhia, kos rau lub hom phiaj ntawm tus tshiab tsarist dynasty, lees paub qhov tseeb tias Tartary nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws.

Cov ntawv hauv qab no tau muab tso rau saum lub cartouche los ntawm tus sau ntawm lub engraving:

"Tomasz Makovsky ntawm nws daim ntawv qhia ntawm Lithuania muab Kiev ntawm latitude 50 ° 10 ', Cherkasy ntawm 49 ° thiab Ochakov mus rau sab qab teb ntawm qhov deb ntawm 67 mais ntawm Cherkasy. Daim duab qhia chaw, uas tau ua haujlwm hauv kev sau ua ke ntawm daim ntawv qhia no, muab tso rau hauv lub nroog tshiab ntawm Borisograd, Azov thiab, tej zaum, Astrakhan, ntawm latitude 48 °, tab sis, txij li ob qho tib si ntawm ib qho thiab lwm qhov - thaj chaw sab qaum teb tau qhia ib yam nkaus. sab qaum teb, ces kuv kuj tsis dared mus ntseeg nrog kev ntseeg siab rau cov cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv sab qab teb, prompted mas los ntawm lawv tsis ncaj ncees lawm txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv relation mus Constantinople. Txawm li cas los xij, kuv xav tias kuv tuaj yeem muab cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb qis dua me ntsis, vim hais tias cov neeg Askiv sau tias lawv pom Astrakhan ntawm lub latitude ntawm 46 ° 10 '".

Cov ntawv no tau lees paub tias yog tias daim ntawv qhia ntawm Fedor Borisovich Godunov raug coj los ua lub hauv paus, tom qab ntawd nws tau rov qab ua tiav. Qhov no kuj qhia tau hais tias cov npe ntawm cov cheeb tsam thaum lub sij hawm muaj teeb meem heev dawb do "mus" nyob ib ncig ntawm daim ntawv qhia thiab thaum kawg tau kho ntau tom qab.

Daim npav no tau txiav txim siab coj txoj hmoov zoo. Ib tug neeg sau lub tsev raug hlawv, thiab tsuas yog daim duab qhia chaw ntawm Russia nyob rau hauv 1614 thiab ob peb phau ntawv tseem nyob tsis tau. Thiab tus tub lag luam Yegor Melnikov, tom qab yuav tib daim npav, yeej ib qho khoom plig loj hauv kev rho npe. Nws koom nrog nws cov txiaj ntsig nrog kev yuav daim npav. Melnikov tau xaj ib daim qauv ntawm nws daim ntawv qhia thiab nthuav tawm rau nws tus tij laug. Thiab ib qho kev tshwm sim tsis tau pom dua: tus tub lag luam tus tij laug tau pom zoo rau Yegor txoj kev yaum thiab thawj zaug hauv nws lub neej yuav daim pib rho npe. Daim pib rho npe no ua rau nws tus tswv muaj hmoo.