Cov zaub mov muaj kev phom sij npaum li cas irradiated?

2024 Tus sau: Seth Attwood | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 16:06

Khoom noj khoom haus irradiation yog ib hom kev ua zaub mov thiab khaws cia technology los yog, raws li peb feem ntau hu nws, ib yam ntawm cov txias sterilization. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov neeg ntseeg tias cov khoom noj irradiated ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub cev, puas yog tiag tiag? Peb tus kws tshaj xov xwm tsis ntev los no tau xam phaj tus kws tshaj lij zaub mov.

Irradiation technology - dab tsi yog technology? Associate Professor ntawm National Laboratory of Food Science thiab Technology ntawm Jiangnan University thiab tus kws tshaj lij tam sim no ntawm Pab Pawg ntawm Innovation hauv Kev Ua thiab Diffusion ntawm Industrial Technology Systems hauv Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb Niaj Hnub Nyoog ntawm Jiangsu Xeev (Ntaus Dej) Jiang Qixing tau hais tias, "Tuam Tshoj State Standard GB18524 -2016 "National Food Safety Standard cov khoom: kev tu cev rau kev ua zaub mov" muab cov ntsiab lus tshawb fawb ntawm cov zaub mov raug: kev siv hluav taws xob ionizing los tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntawm cov zaub mov kom inhibit germination, ncua lossis ua kom tiav. yog siv rau kev tswj kab tsuag, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab kev txuag - cov no yog qee lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev raug mob."

Hauv dab tsi tshwj xeeb yog siv irradiation technology? Jiang Qixing tau hais tias Tuam Tshoj tau pom zoo siv irradiation thev naus laus zis hauv qee yam khoom noj. National Food Safety Standards for Hygienic Food Processing Standards hais tias cov khoom noj irradiated yuav tsum nyob rau hauv cov npe teev nyob rau hauv GB14891, irradiation ntawm lwm yam khoom noj yog txwv tsis pub.

Raws li cov qauv tam sim no GB14891.1-GB14891.8, hom khoom noj khoom haus uas tam sim no tso cai rau raug irradiation technologies nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj muaj xws li: boiled nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib, paj ntoos, txiv hmab txiv ntoo qhuav, candied txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov zoo li, txuj lom, txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab, zaub, nqaij npuas, khov nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab nqaij qaib, legumes, cereals thiab semi-tiav khoom. Irradiation feem ntau yog siv los txo cov germination ntawm qej, qos yaj ywm, thiab kom tsis muaj tshuaj lom.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov lus piav qhia ntawm Suav tus qauv GB7718-2011 "National Food Safety Standard: General Principles for Labeling Prepackaged Foods" on the labeling of irradiated foods states: "Cov zaub mov kho nrog ionizing hluav taws xob los yog ionizing zog yuav tsum tau sau npe raws li ib sab ntawm cov khoom npe.." "Txhua yam khoom uas tau kho nrog ionizing hluav taws xob lossis lub zog ionizing yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv cov npe khoom." Qhov no yog vim li cas lub ntim ntawm qee cov khoom noj hais tias "cov khoom irradiated" los yog cov khoom muaj npe hais tias "cov txuj lom tau raug hluav taws xob tsis zoo" thiab lwm yam kev qhia zoo sib xws.

Cov hluav taws xob puas tuaj yeem ua rau zaub mov thiab tib neeg lub cev? "Hauv xyoo 1980, cov lus xaus ntawm ib pawg kws tshaj lij ntawm International Food thiab Agriculture Organization ntawm United Nations (FAO), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) thiab Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO) tau pom tias tag nrho cov tshuaj hluav taws xob nruab nrab tau nqus tau. los ntawm cov zaub mov qis dua 10 kGy tsis tas yuav muaj kev sim tshuaj toxicological, nrog rau cov khoom noj tshwj xeeb thiab tsis tsim teeb meem microbiological, "said Jiang Qixing.

Jiang Qixing ntseeg hais tias Tuam Tshoj lub teb chaws tus qauv GB14891 txhais qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai tag nrho qhov nruab nrab hluav taws xob tau txais los ntawm ntau yam khoom noj uas tau tso cai rau irradiated. Raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai nruab nrab ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, nws yuav tsum tsawg dua 10 kGy. Vim li no, tsuav yog cov zaub mov raug irradiated nruj raws li lub teb chaws cov qauv raug hluav taws xob tsim nyog, tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm hluav taws xob.

Tib neeg niaj hnub nyob thiab nce nws cov lej nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hluav taws xob ntuj. Txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb tau raug hluav taws xob tas li cosmic. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv raug rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj nyob hauv cov av, pob zeb thiab lwm yam ntawm ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov zaub mov uas ib tug neeg loj hlob tuaj, dej nws haus, lub tsev uas nws nyob, txoj kev nws taug kev, huab cua nws ua pa, thiab txawm nws lub cev muaj me me ntawm cov xov tooj cua.

Rov qab rau xyoo 1950s, isotope thiab hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis tau pom dav siv hauv kev cog qoob loo thiab kev ua hluav taws xob ntawm cov zaub mov, av fertilization, tshuaj tua kab, tsiaj txhu, nuv ntses dej, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Lawv tau hloov pauv thiab txhawb kev ua liaj ua teb ib txwm muaj thiab pab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis hauv kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub. Tuam Tshoj tau ua tau zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev ua liaj ua teb hluav taws xob, thiab 18 hom kev cog qoob loo, suav nrog No. 1 Shandong Paj Rwb, tau txais lub Xeev Invention Prize.

Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, lub dav hlau dav hlau los ntawm Shenzhou thiab lwm qhov kev pab cuam tau thauj cov noob qoob loo mus rau hauv qhov chaw los tsim cov tshuab cog qoob loo hauv chaw siv hluav taws xob, microgravity, thiab lwm yam. Yog li, cov kws tshawb fawb induce mutagenesis hauv cov noob cog kom tau txais txiaj ntsig kev hloov pauv, yug cov qoob loo zoo, cov qoob loo zoo tiv taus cov kab mob hnyav ntawm nplej, hom qoob mog, paj rwb, rapeseed, zaub thiab lwm yam tshiab ntawm cereals thiab zaub. Nrog rau kev nce hauv cov qauv kev ua neej nyob niaj hnub no, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev nyab xeeb zaub mov tau dhau los ua qhov hnyav dua. Kev siv cov thev naus laus zis nuclear los ua kom tsis muaj zaub mov thiab tswj cov qoob loo, tshem tawm cov sprouts thiab tswj cov khoom tshiab tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov zaub mov thiab ua kom lub neej txee ntawm cov zaub mov hauv kaus poom, tab sis kuj tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj hluav taws xob ntxiv. Yog li, irradiated zaub mov muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha thiab tuaj yeem noj tau zoo. Irradiation tsuas yog siv rau kev ua kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tsis muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob, kev loj hlob thiab noob neej. Kev ua irradiation kuj tseem muaj cov thev naus laus zis qub los khaws cov zaub mov los ntawm cua sov lossis khov thiab yog cov cuab yeej tshiab rau kev ua zaub mov. Hauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig, kev siv hluav taws xob raug siv los saib xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas cov pa phem, dej hauv lub cev thiab ntau yam qauv ib puag ncig. Kev kho cua sov, dej khib nyiab thiab av siv irradiation technology yog qhov zoo dua li cov kev kho mob ib txwm muaj.